Editor’s Note: this article is being republished with the permission of Small Wars Journal as part of a republishing arrangement between IWI and SWJ. The original article was published on 03.04.2025 and is available here.  Abstract The Central Intelligence Agency ran a covert operation in Syria from 2012 to 2017 called Timber Sycamore. This qualitative case study employs … Continue reading Covert Action in Irregular Wars: Unraveling the Case of Timber Sycamore in Syria (2012-2017)